International trade reference

Incoterms® 2020. Clear terms. Fewer surprises.

Eleven recognised trade rules that clarify delivery, cost, risk and responsibility.Explore ↘

Service overview

Incoterms 2020

A shared language for buyer and seller.

Published by the International Chamber of Commerce, Incoterms® 2020 define delivery points, risk transfer, transport costs, insurance duties and customs responsibilities in contracts for the sale of goods.

They do not replace a sales contract or decide ownership and payment terms. Every chosen rule should include a precise named place or port.

The 11 rules

Choose by mode, handover and responsibility.

EXW · Ex Works

Buyer assumes most transport responsibility from the seller’s premises.

FCA · Free Carrier

Seller delivers to the carrier or named party at the agreed place.

CPT · Carriage Paid To

Seller pays carriage; risk transfers when cargo reaches the carrier.

CIP · Carriage and Insurance Paid To

CPT responsibilities with seller-arranged cargo insurance.

DAP · Delivered at Place

Seller delivers ready for unloading at the named destination.

DPU · Delivered at Place Unloaded

Seller delivers and unloads at the named destination.

DDP · Delivered Duty Paid

Seller carries broad responsibility including import clearance and duties.

FAS · Free Alongside Ship

Seller delivers alongside the vessel at the named port.

FOB · Free On Board

Seller delivers cargo on board at the port of shipment.

CFR · Cost and Freight

Seller pays ocean freight; risk transfers once goods are on board.

CIF · Cost, Insurance and Freight

CFR responsibilities with seller-arranged minimum insurance cover.

Skyline Cargo Agents

Clear responsibility makes smoother trade.

Practical guidance

Select with care.

Start with the journey

Consider mode, handover point, customs capability and destination.

Name the exact place

Write the agreed place or port clearly beside the selected rule.

Align every document

Keep contract, invoice, instructions and insurance consistent.

Start a conversation

One enquiry.
One accountable team.

Share the cargo, route and timing. We will help shape the next move.